The transmission of loads through animal joints with particular reference to the role of the meniscus in the knee

Thesis

A general description of synovial joints is given. The composition, function and degradation of the various materials and structures within synovial joints are discussed. Special consideration is given to the knee joint which is shown to be anomalous to other joints in certain aspects of the properties previously mentioned. If the meniscus cartilages of the knee, to which many functional roles have been attributed, may be shown to be weight-bearing, then observations concerning the knee would be in accordance with, rather than anomalous to other joints.

A simple model of the knee is analysed using simple stress-strain relationships and the validity of the results of the analysis are discussed. The analysis indicates that it is possible for the menisci to bear a large proportion of the load transmitted through the knee joint and shows how the function of weight-bearing may be performed.

Experiments were performed to determine whether or not the menisci carried load. The experimental apparatus and procedures are described and the results obtained are discussed. Various attempts are made to estimate the percentage of the total load through the joint carried by the menisci.

The conclusion drawn from the experimental results is that the menisci do carry a considerable proportion of the load between the femur and the tibia, and the significance of the result is discussed.

Authors: Shrive, N

• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Type of award: DPhil
• Level of award: Doctoral
• Awarding institution: University of Oxford