Journal article
Persistence of the immune response after two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (AZD1222): 1 year of follow up of two randomised controlled trials
- Abstract:
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The trajectory of immune responses following the primary dose series determines the decline in vaccine effectiveness over time. Here we report on maintenance of immune responses during the year following a two-dose schedule of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222, in the absence of infection, and also explore the decay of antibody after infection. Total spike-specific IgG antibody titres were lower with two low doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines (two low doses) (P = 0.0006) than with 2 standard doses (the approved dose) or low dose followed by standard dose vaccines regimens. Longer intervals between first and second doses resulted in higher antibody titres (P < 0.0001); however, there was no evidence that the trajectory of antibody decay differed by interval or by vaccine dose, and the decay of IgG antibody titres followed a similar trajectory after a third dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Trends in post-infection samples were similar with an initial rapid decay in responses but good persistence of measurable responses thereafter. Extrapolation of antibody data, following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19, demonstrates a slow rate of antibody decay with modelling, suggesting that antibody titres are well maintained for at least 2 years. These data suggest a persistent immune response after two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 which will likely have a positive impact against serious disease and hospitalization.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 1.1MB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1093/cei/uxad013
Authors
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- Journal:
- Clinical and Experimental Immunology More from this journal
- Volume:
- 211
- Issue:
- 3
- Pages:
- 280–287
- Publication date:
- 2023-02-02
- Acceptance date:
- 2023-01-27
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1365-2249
- ISSN:
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0009-9104
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1318214
- Local pid:
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pubs:1318214
- Deposit date:
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2023-01-24
- ARK identifier:
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Voysey et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2023
- Rights statement:
- © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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