Thesis icon

Thesis

The role of interleukin-5 in the aetiology of the late-onset endo-phenotype of eosinophilic asthma

Abstract:
Background: The aetiology of late-onset eosinophilic asthma is largely unknown

Objectives: (1) To understand the additional effects of oral corticosteroids (OCS) on top of inhaled corticosteroids in type-2 (T2) high asthma to understand why late-onset eosinophilic (LOE) patients are more OCS dependent. (2) To assess IL-5 and solubilised IL-5-receptor-α (sIL-5Rα) in the blood and airway of eosinophilic asthmatics to understand if the IL-5/IL-5Rα axis may be leveraged to dampen IL-5 basal signalling. (3) To assess the burden of rare, high impact mutations in genes related to IL-5 signalling, and look for clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in LOE asthma.

Methods: (1) A prospective observational trial was performed comparing adjunctive 30 mg prednisolone daily for 10 days with the effects of initiating 200 mcg beclomethasone twice-daily for 8 weeks in T2-high asthmatics. (2) IL-5 and sIL-5Rα were measured in blood and sputum of 50 eosinophilic asthmatics and 17 healthy controls. Flow sorted 7eosinophils from blood and sputum were examined for expression of mIL-5Rα (n=7). (3) 123 patients with LOE asthma and 30 healthy controls were deep-sequenced for high-impact variants in IL-5 signalling genes, and for CHIP mutations, using bespoke panels.

Results: (1) OCS produced greater inhibition of blood eosinophils while ICS produced greater inhibition of FeNO. OCS had a broader suppressive effect on T2-mediators in sputum and serum. (2) There was no relationship between plasma sIL-5Rα and IL-5. Levels of sIL-5Rα were significantly lower in sputum than plasma for eosinophilic asthmatics (p < 0.05). There was marked loss of eosinophil mIL-5Rα expression in sputum (p < 0.0001). (3) Six missense variants were identified in IL17RA and 2 high-impact mutations (one frameshift, one missense) were identified in THRA in LOE asthma patients: this did not reach Bonferroni significance.

Conclusion: Further work is required to understand the onset and maintenance of high T2-signalling in LOE asthma patients.

Actions

Access Document

Files:

Authors

Contributors

Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
MSD
Department:
NDM
Sub department:
NDM Experimental Medicine
Role:
Supervisor
Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
MSD
Department:
NDM
Sub department:
NDM Strategic
Role:
Supervisor
ORCID:
0000-0002-4288-5973


DOI:
Type of award:
DPhil
Level of award:
Doctoral
Awarding institution:
University of Oxford


Language:
English
Keywords:
Subjects:
Deposit date:
2026-06-13
ARK identifier:

Terms of use


Views and Downloads






If you are the owner of this record, you can report an update to it here: Report update to this record

TO TOP