Clinical value of human glandular kallikrein 2 and free and total prostate-specific antigen in serum from a population of men with prostate-specific antigen levels 3.0 ng/mL or greater.

Becker, C; Piironen, T; Pettersson, K; Hugosson, J; Lilja, H

Journal article

Clinical value of human glandular kallikrein 2 and free and total prostate-specific antigen in serum from a population of men with prostate-specific antigen levels 3.0 ng/mL or greater.

Abstract:: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical value of human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) compared with free (f) and total (t) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: In PCa screening conducted in 1995 to 1996 in Göteborg, Sweden, 5853 of 9811 randomly selected men (aged 50 to 66 years; median 61) accepted PSA testing; those with tPSA levels of 3. 0 ng/mL or greater were offered digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, and sextant biopsies. Serum from 604 of 611 biopsied men (18% with positive digital rectal examinations, tPSA range 3.0 to 220 ng/mL, 144 men with PCa) was analyzed for hK2 (research assay) and tPSA and fPSA (Prostatus). Sera were stored at -20 degrees C for a maximum of 2 weeks for tPSA and fPSA and 3 years for hK2. RESULTS: hK2 levels and hK2 x tPSA/fPSA values were significantly elevated in men with PCa. Receiver operating characteristic data revealed that the area under the curve for hK2 x tPSA/fPSA was significantly greater than that for tPSA and greater, but not significantly greater, than that for percent fPSA. Also, the cancer-detecting sensitivity was significantly improved (P <0.05) using hK2 x tPSA/fPSA compared with tPSA and percent fPSA at specificity levels of 75% to 90%. At 75% specificity, a sensitivity of 74% was obtained compared with 64% or 54% using percent fPSA or tPSA; at 90% specificity, the corresponding sensitivity level was 55%, 41%, and 36%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Discrimination of men with and without PCa in a randomly selected population was improved by measuring hK2 in addition to tPSA and fPSA.

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APA Style

Becker, C., Piironen, T., Pettersson, K., Hugosson, J., & Lilja, H. (2000). Clinical value of human glandular kallikrein 2 and free and total prostate-specific antigen in serum from a population of men with prostate-specific antigen levels 3.0 ng/mL or greater. Urology, 55(5), 694–699.

MLA Style

Becker, C, et al. “Clinical Value of Human Glandular Kallikrein 2 and Free and Total Prostate-Specific Antigen in Serum from a Population of Men with Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels 3.0 Ng/ML or Greater.” Urology, vol. 55, no. 5, 2000, pp. 694–99.

Chicago Style

Becker, C, T Piironen, K Pettersson, J Hugosson, and H Lilja. 2000. “Clinical Value of Human Glandular Kallikrein 2 and Free and Total Prostate-Specific Antigen in Serum from a Population of Men with Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels 3.0 Ng/ML or Greater.” Urology 55 (5): 694–99.
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