AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine induces robust broadly cross-reactive antibody responses in Malawian adults previously infected with SARS-CoV-2

Chibwana, MG; Moyo-Gwete, T; Kwatra, G; Mandolo, J; Hermanaus, T; Motlou, T; Mzindle, N; Ayres, F; Chaponda, M; Tembo, G; Mwenechanya, P; Mitole, N; Jassi, C; Kamng'ona, R; Afran, L; Mzinza, D; Mwandumba, HC; Gordon, SB; Jere, K; Madhi, S; Moore, PL; Heyderman, RS; Jambo, KC

COVID-19 Collection

Journal article

AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine induces robust broadly cross-reactive antibody responses in Malawian adults previously infected with SARS-CoV-2

Abstract:: Objectives: Many regions of Africa have experienced lower COVID-19 morbidity and mortality than Europe. Pre-existing humoral responses to endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) may cross-protect against SARS-CoV-2. We investigated the neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 spike reactive and nonreactive immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA antibodies in prepandemic samples. Methods: To investigate the presence of pre-existing immunity, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using spike antigens from reference SARS-CoV-2, HCoV HKU1, OC43, NL63, and 229E using prepandemic samples from Kilifi in coastal Kenya. In addition, we performed neutralization assays using pseudotyped reference SARS-CoV-2 to determine the functionality of the identified reactive antibodies. Results: We demonstrate the presence of HCoV serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies, which cross-react with the SARS-CoV-2 spike. We show pseudotyped reference SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by prepandemic serum, with a mean infective dose 50 of 1: 251, which is 10-fold less than that of the pooled convalescent sera from patients with COVID-19 but still within predicted protection levels. The prepandemic naso-oropharyngeal fluid neutralized pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 at a mean infective dose 50 of 1: 5.9 in the neutralization assay. Conclusion: Our data provide evidence for pre-existing functional humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Kilifi, coastal Kenya and adds to data showing pre-existing immunity for COVID-19 from other regions

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

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APA Style

Chibwana, M. G., Moyo-Gwete, T., Kwatra, G., Mandolo, J., Hermanaus, T., Motlou, T., Mzindle, N., Ayres, F., Chaponda, M., Tembo, G., Mwenechanya, P., Mitole, N., Jassi, C., Kamng'ona, R., Afran, L., Mzinza, D., Mwandumba, H. C., Gordon, S. B., Jere, K., … Jambo, K. C. (2022). AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine induces robust broadly cross-reactive antibody responses in Malawian adults previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. BMC Medicine, 20(1), 128–128.

MLA Style

Chibwana, MG, et al. “AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine Induces Robust Broadly Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses in Malawian Adults Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2.” BMC Medicine, vol. 20, no. 1, 2022, pp. 128–28.

Chicago Style

Chibwana, MG, T Moyo-Gwete, G Kwatra, et al. 2022. “AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine Induces Robust Broadly Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses in Malawian Adults Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2.” BMC Medicine 20 (1): 128–28.
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