Lower respiratory tract infection in the community: associations between viral aetiology and illness course

Vos, LM; Bruyndonckx, R; Zuithoff, NPA; Little, P; Oosterheert, JJ; Broekhuizen, BDL; Lammens, C; Loens, K; Viveen, M; Butler, CC; Crook, D; Zlateva, K; Goossens, H; Claas, ECJ; Ieven, M; Van Loon, AM; Verheij, TJM; Coenjaerts, FEJ

Journal article

Lower respiratory tract infection in the community: associations between viral aetiology and illness course

Abstract:: Objectives This study determined associations between respiratory viruses and subsequent illness course in primary care adult patients presenting with acute cough and/or suspected lower respiratory tract infection. Methods A prospective European primary care study recruited adults with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection between November 2007 and April 2010. Real-time in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to test for six common respiratory viruses. In this secondary analysis, symptom severity (scored 1 = no problem, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe) and symptom duration were compared between groups with different viral aetiologies using regression and Cox proportional hazard models, respectively. Additionally, associations between baseline viral load (cycle threshold (Ct) value) and illness course were assessed. Results The PCR tested positive for a common respiratory virus in 1354 of the 2957 (45.8%) included patients. The overall mean symptom score at presentation was 2.09 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.07–2.11) and the median duration until resolution of moderately bad or severe symptoms was 8.70 days (interquartile range 4.50–11.00). Patients with influenza virus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus (CoV) or rhinovirus had a significantly higher symptom score than patients with no virus isolated (0.07–0.25 points or 2.3–8.3% higher symptom score). Time to symptom resolution was longer in RSV infections (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.80, 95% CI 0.65–0.96) and hMPV infections (AHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62–0.94) than in infections with no virus isolated. Overall, baseline viral load was associated with symptom severity (difference 0.11, 95% CI 0.06–0.16 per 10 cycles decrease in Ct value), but not with symptom duration. Conclusions In healthy, working adults from the general community presenting at the general practitioner with acute cough and/or suspected lower respiratory tract infection other than influenza impose an illness burden comparable to influenza. Hence, the public health focus for viral respiratory tract infections should be broadened.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

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APA Style

Vos, L. M., Bruyndonckx, R., Zuithoff, N. P. A., Little, P., Oosterheert, J. J., Broekhuizen, B. D. L., Lammens, C., Loens, K., Viveen, M., Butler, C. C., Crook, D., Zlateva, K., Goossens, H., Claas, E. C. J., Ieven, M., Van Loon, A. M., Verheij, T. J. M., & Coenjaerts, F. E. J. (2020). Lower respiratory tract infection in the community: associations between viral aetiology and illness course. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27(1), 96–104.

MLA Style

Vos, L. M., et al. “Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the Community: Associations between Viral Aetiology and Illness Course.” Clinical Microbiology and Infection, vol. 27, no. 1, Elsevier, 2020, pp. 96–104.

Chicago Style

Vos, LM, R Bruyndonckx, NPA Zuithoff, P Little, JJ Oosterheert, BDL Broekhuizen, C Lammens, et al. 2020. “Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the Community: Associations between Viral Aetiology and Illness Course.” Clinical Microbiology and Infection 27 (1): 96–104.
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