Mitochondrial biogenesis and increased uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue of mice fed a ketone ester diet.

Journal article

We measured the effects of a diet in which D-β-hydroxybutyrate-(R)-1,3 butanediol monoester [ketone ester (KE)] replaced equicaloric amounts of carbohydrate on 8-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice. Diets contained equal amounts of fat, protein, and micronutrients. The KE group was fed ad libitum, whereas the control (Ctrl) mice were pair-fed to the KE group. Blood d-β-hydroxybutyrate levels in the KE group were 3-5 times those reported with high-fat ketogenic diets. Voluntary food intake was reduced dose dependently with the KE diet. Feeding the KE diet for up to 1 mo increased the number of mitochondria and doubled the electron transport chain proteins, uncoupling protein 1, and mitochondrial biogenesis-regulating proteins in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT). [(18)F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in IBAT of the KE group was twice that in IBAT of the Ctrl group. Plasma leptin levels of the KE group were more than 2-fold those of the Ctrl group and were associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activity to IBAT. The KE group exhibited 14% greater resting energy expenditure, but the total energy expenditure measured over a 24-h period or body weights was not different. The quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index was 73% higher in the KE group. These results identify KE as a potential antiobesity supplement.

Authors: Srivastava, S; Kashiwaya, Y; King, M; Baxa, U; Tam, J

• Publication status: Published
• Journal: FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
• Volume: 26
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 2351-2362
• Publication date: 2012-06-01
• DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-200410
• EISSN: 1530-6860
• ISSN: 0892-6638
• Language: English
• Keywords: Mice; Mitochondrial Proteins; Ion Channels; Diet; Ketone Bodies; Mitochondria; Animals; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Leptin; Male; Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; Hydroxybutyrates; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Insulin Resistance; Mice, Inbred C57BL; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Eating