High resolution, high-throughput magnetic resonance imaging of mouse embryonic anatomy using a fast gradient-echo sequence

Journal article

Embryonic development in normal and genetically modified mice is commonly analysed by histological sectioning. This procedure is time-consuming, prone to artefact, and results in the loss of three-dimensional (3D) information. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of embryos has the potential of non-invasively acquiring a complete 3D data set. Published methods have used spin-echo techniques with inherently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); however, they required either perfusion of the embryo with a contrast agent, or prolonged acquisition times to improve contrast and resolution. Here, we show that a standard preparation (i.e. paraformaldehyde fixation) of 15.5 days post-coitum embryos followed by MRI using a fast gradient-echo sequence with T 1-weighting achieves high resolution and high throughput for investigating mouse embryonic anatomy. 3D data sets were acquired in overnight experiments (<9 h) with an experimental resolution of approximately 25 μM3. This spatial resolution is twofold higher than the values reported previously for comparable paraformaldehyde-fixed embryos, and it was obtained in less than a quarter of the time with sufficient SNR. Our approach combines speed, high resolution and contrast with a simple preparation technique and minimal operator time (<1 h). It allows rapid routine 3D characterisation of normal and abnormal mouse embryonic anatomy.

Authors: Schneider, J; Bamforth, S; Grieve, S; Clarke, K; Bhattacharya, S

• Journal: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine
• Volume: 16
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 43-51
• Publication date: 2003-02-01
• DOI: 10.1007/s10334-003-0002-z
• EISSN: 1352-8661
• ISSN: 0968-5243
• Language: English
• Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; Foetal development; Histology; Mouse; Embryo