Journal article : Review
Scoping review of preclinical and clinical studies on the role of HMGB1 in heart disease
- Abstract:
- High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a critical regulator of cardiac injury and repair. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding whether HMGB1 is beneficial or deleterious. We evaluated and synthesised available evidence regarding the molecular functions as well as the clinical and therapeutic utility of HMGB1 in heart disease. We found that overall, the effects depend on the redox state and subcellular location, although most studies failed to identify these parameters clearly. Nuclear upregulation or exogenous administration of fully reduced HMGB1 was beneficial. The partially oxidised form of HMGB1 (dsHMGB1) in the cytoplasm depleted intranuclear HMGB1, and extracellular dsHMGB1 was proinflammatory. Clinically, elevated circulating HMGB1 levels correlate with disease severity and may be a useful prognostic biomarker. Future research should specify the subcellular location and redox state of HMGB1. The development of methods to identify the different redox isoforms would help uncover the therapeutic potential of this multifaceted protein.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 1.1MB, Terms of use)
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(Supplementary materials, zip, 519.8KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1038/s44325-026-00119-4
Authors
- Publisher:
- Nature Research
- Journal:
- npj Cardiovascular Health More from this journal
- Volume:
- 3
- Issue:
- 1
- Article number:
- 20
- Publication date:
- 2026-04-09
- Acceptance date:
- 2026-03-22
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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2948-2836
- ISSN:
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2948-2836
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Subtype:
-
Review
- Pubs id:
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2403968
- Local pid:
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pubs:2403968
- Source identifiers:
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W7152408308
- Deposit date:
-
2026-04-09
- ARK identifier:
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Mao et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2026
- Rights statement:
- © The Author(s) 2026. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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