Journal article icon

Journal article

Incidence of diabetes mellitus following hospitalisation for COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: a prospective observational study

Abstract:
Background

People hospitalised for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have elevated incidence of diabetes. However, it is unclear whether this is due to shared risk factors, confounding or stress hyperglycaemia in response to acute illness.

Methods

We analysed a multicentre prospective cohort study (PHOSP-COVID) of people ≥18 years discharged from NHS hospitals across the United Kingdom following COVID-19. Individuals were included if they attended at least one research visit with a HbA1c measurement within 14 months of discharge and had no history of diabetes at baseline. The primary outcome was new onset diabetes (any type), as defined by a first glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement ≥6.5% (≥48 mmol/mol). Follow-up was censored at the last HbA1c measurement. Age-standardised incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, length of hospital stay, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, deprivation, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia/hypercholesterolaemia, intensive therapy unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, corticosteroid use and C-reactive protein score) were calculated using Poisson regression. Incidence rates were compared with the control groups of published clinical trials in the United Kingdom by applying the same inclusion and exclusion criteria, where possible.

Results

Incidence of diabetes was 91.4 per 1000 person-years and was higher in South Asian (incidence rate ratios [IRR] = 3.60; 1.77, 7.32; p < 0.001) and Black ethnic groups (IRR = 2.36; 1.07, 5.21; p = 0.03) compared with White ethnic groups. When restricted to similar characteristics, the incidence rates were similar to those in UK clinical trials data.

Conclusion

Diabetes incidence following hospitalisation for COVID-19 is high, but it remains uncertain whether it is disproportionately higher than pre-pandemic levels.

Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

Actions

Access Document

Files:
Publisher copy:
10.1111/dom.16071

Authors

More by this author
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-2877-4342

Contributors


More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/02wdwnk04
Grant:
CH/F/21/90010
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/03x94j517
Grant:
MC_UU_00008/5
MC_UU_00036/2
MC_PC_20002
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/001aqnf71
Grant:
MR/V027859/1
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/0187kwz08
Grant:
NIHR203691


Publisher:
Wiley
Journal:
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism: A Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics More from this journal
Volume:
27
Issue:
2
Pages:
767-776
Place of publication:
England
Publication date:
2024-11-20
Acceptance date:
2024-11-03
DOI:
EISSN:
1463-1326
ISSN:
1462-8902
Pmid:
39563623


Language:
English
Keywords:
Pubs id:
2064418
Local pid:
pubs:2064418
Deposit date:
2025-05-14
ARK identifier:

Terms of use


Views and Downloads






If you are the owner of this record, you can report an update to it here: Report update to this record

TO TOP