Optimal control of Formula One car energy recovery systems

Journal article

The utility of orthogonal collocation methods in the solution of optimal control problems relating to Formula One racing is demonstrated. These methods can be used to optimise driver controls such as the steering, braking and throttle usage, and to optimise vehicle parameters such as the aerodynamic down force and mass distributions. Of particular interest is the optimal usage of energy recovery systems (ERSs). Contemporary kinetic energy recovery systems are studied and compared with future hybrid kinetic and thermal/heat ERSs known as ERS-K and ERS-H, respectively. It is demonstrated that these systems, when properly controlled, can produce contemporary lap time using approximately two-thirds of the fuel required by earlier generation (2013 and prior) vehicles.

Authors: Limebeer, D; Perantoni, G; Rao, A

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: Taylor and Francis
• Journal: International Journal of Control
• Volume: 87
• Issue: 10
• Pages: 2065-2080
• Publication date: 2014-04-23
• Acceptance date: 2014-03-01
• DOI: 10.1080/00207179.2014.900705
• EISSN: 1366-5820
• ISSN: 0020-7179
• Language: English
• Keywords: pseudo-spectral methods; numerical optimal control; lap-time simulation; Formula One car modelling; energy recovery systems; orthogonal collocation