Machine learning emulation of gravity wave drag in numerical weather forecasting

Journal article

We assess the value of machine learning as an accelerator for the parameterization schemes of operational weather forecasting systems, specifically the parameterization of nonorographic gravity wave drag. Emulators of this scheme can be trained to produce stable and accurate results up to seasonal forecasting timescales. Generally, networks that are more complex produce emulators that are more accurate. By training on an increased complexity version of the existing parameterization scheme, we build emulators that produce more accurate forecasts. For medium range forecasting, we have found evidence that our emulators are more accurate than the version of the parametrization scheme that is used for operational predictions. Using the current operational CPU hardware, our emulators have a similar computational cost to the existing scheme, but are heavily limited by data movement. On GPU hardware, our emulators perform 10 times faster than the existing scheme on a CPU.

Authors: Chantry, M; Hatfield, S; Dueben, P; Polichtchouk, I; Palmer, T

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: American Geophysical Union
• Journal: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 7
• Article number: e2021MS002477
• Publication date: 2021-07-08
• Acceptance date: 2021-06-14
• DOI: 10.1029/2021ms002477
• EISSN: 1942-2466
• Language: English
• Keywords: FFR; numerical weather prediction; machine learning