Journal article
Sex differences in risk factor management of coronary heart disease across three regions
- Abstract:
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Objective: To investigate whether there are sex differences in risk factor management of patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD), and to assess demographic variations of any such sex differences. Methods: Patients with CHD were recruited from Europe, Asia, and the Middle East between 2012-2013. Adherence to guideline-recommended treatment and lifestyle targets was assessed and summarised as a Cardiovascular Health Index Score (CHIS). Age-adjusted regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) of women versus men (95% confidence intervals
) in risk factor management. Results: 10,112 patients (29% women) were included. Compared with men, women were less likely to achieve targets for total cholesterol (OR [95% CI]: 0.50[0.43-0.59]), LDL (0.57 [0.51-0.64]), and glucose (0.78 [0.70-0.87]), or to be physically active (0.74[0.68-0.81]), or non-obese (0.82 [0.74-0.90]). In contrast, women had better control of blood pressure (1.31 [1.20-1.44]) and were more likely to be a non-smoker (1.93 [1.67-2.22]) than men. Overall, women were less likely than men to achieve all treatment targets (0.75 [0.60-0.93]) or obtain an adequate CHIS (0.81 [0.73-0.91]), but no significant differences were found for all lifestyle targets (0.93 [0.84-1.02]). Sex disparities in reaching treatment targets were smaller in Europe than in Asia and the Middle East. Women in Asia were more likely than men to reach lifestyle targets, with opposing results in Europe and the Middle East. Conclusions: Risk factor management for the secondary prevention of CHD was generally worse in women than in men. The magnitude and direction of the sex differences varied by region.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 1.0MB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311429
Authors
+ British Heart Foundation
More from this funder
- Funding agency for:
- Peters, S
- Grant:
- PG/16/57/32256
+ National Health and Medical Research Foundation of Australia
More from this funder
- Funding agency for:
- Woodward, M
- Grant:
- 1080206
- Publisher:
- BMJ Publishing Group
- Journal:
- Heart More from this journal
- Volume:
- 103
- Issue:
- 20
- Pages:
- 1587-1594
- Publication date:
- 2017-09-20
- Acceptance date:
- 2017-06-19
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1468-201X
- ISSN:
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1355-6037
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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pubs:701475
- UUID:
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uuid:c87f7864-f6b5-41fc-93ee-490a69716eb9
- Local pid:
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pubs:701475
- Source identifiers:
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701475
- Deposit date:
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2017-06-21
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Zhao et al
- Copyright date:
- 2017
- Notes:
- This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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