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Non-occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality outcomes: a dose–response meta-analysis of large prospective studies

Abstract:
Street markets in Brazil are important spaces for the commercialization of fruits and vegetables (FV), which access by the urban population is considered one of the key aspects for the socalled “healthy cities”. This study adopts an ecological approach with geographic-spatial emphasis to describe accessibility to street markets in Porto Alegre, Brazil, by four different modes of transport (walking, bicycle, bus and car). The distribution of markets across the city is more balanced than other food establishments, although physical accessibility is highly uneven across modes of transport: the ability to reach a market on foot in 10 minutes or less is restricted to no more than 25 % of the population, while almost 90% can do it by driving a car. More importantly, the study found a direct and positive association between levels of accessibility to street markets and income: wealthier areas can reach fairs in less time using any mode of transport than poorer ones (p<0.001). In addition, regions with a majority of white inhabitants have significantly better accessibility to the fairs on foot, by bicycle and by bus (p<0.01) than regions with a majority of Black, Indigenous or yellow populations. Our study highlights the importance of addressing inequalities in access to healthy foods.As feiras livres no Brasil são espaços importantes para a venda de frutas, verduras e legumes (FLV), considerados um dos aspectos-chave para “cidades saudáveis”. Este estudo adota uma abordagem ecológica com ênfase geográfico-espacial para descrever a acessibilidade às feiras livres em Porto Alegre, Brasil, por quatro modos de transporte (a pé, bicicleta, ônibus e carro). A distribuição das feiras pela cidade é mais equilibrada do que outros estabelecimentos de alimentos, embora a acessibilidade física seja altamente desigual entre os diferentes modos de transporte: a capacidade de alcançar uma feira a pé em 10 minutos ou menos é restrita a menos de 25% da população, enquanto quase 90% podem fazê-lo dirigindo um carro. Mais importante, o estudo encontrou uma associação direta e positiva entre os níveis de acessibilidade às feiras e a renda: as localidades mais ricas podem chegar às feiras em menos tempo usando qualquer modo de transporte do que as mais pobres (p<0,001). Além disso, regiões com maioria de habitantes brancos têm acessibilidade significativamente melhor às feiras a pé, de bicicleta e de ônibus (p<0,01) do que regiões com maioria de população negra, indígena ou amarela. Nosso estudo destaca a importância de abordar as desigualdades no acesso aos alimentos saudáveis
Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

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Publisher copy:
10.1136/bjsports-2022-105669

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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0001-5947-2617
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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-3718-7502
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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-4708-9685
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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-7086-1047


More from this funder
Funder identifier:
10.13039/100010269
Grant:
MR/K023187/1
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
10.13039/501100000265
Grant:
MC_UU_00006/4
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
10.13039/501100000269
Grant:
MR/K023187/1
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
10.13039/501100000925
Grant:
1142685
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
10.13039/501100003593
Grant:
200358/2014-6


Publisher:
BMJ Publishing Group
Journal:
British Journal of Sports Medicine More from this journal
Volume:
57
Issue:
15
Pages:
979-989
Publication date:
2023-02-28
DOI:
EISSN:
1473-0480
ISSN:
0306-3674


Language:
English
Keywords:
Pubs id:
1402858
Local pid:
pubs:1402858
Source identifiers:
W4322621958
Deposit date:
2026-05-08
ARK identifier:
This ORA record was generated from metadata provided by an external service. It has not been edited by the ORA Team.

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