Prevalence of cognitive impairments and strengths in the early course of psychosis and depression

Stainton, A; Chisholm, K; Griffiths, SL; Kambeitz-Ilankovic, L; Wenzel, J; Bonivento, C; Brambilla, P; Iqbal, M; Lichtenstein, TK; Rosen, M; Antonucci, LA; Maggioni, E; Kambeitz, J; Borgwardt, S; Riecher-Rössler, A; Andreou, C; Schmidt, A; Schultze-Lutter, F; Meisenzahl, E; Ruhrmann, S; Salokangas, RKR; Pantelis, C; Lencer, R; Romer, G; Bertolino, A; Upthegrove, R

Journal article

Prevalence of cognitive impairments and strengths in the early course of psychosis and depression

Abstract:: Abstract Background Studies investigating cognitive impairments in psychosis and depression have typically compared the average performance of the clinical group against healthy controls (HC), and do not report on the actual prevalence of cognitive impairments or strengths within these clinical groups. This information is essential so that clinical services can provide adequate resources to supporting cognitive functioning. Thus, we investigated this prevalence in individuals in the early course of psychosis or depression. Methods A comprehensive cognitive test battery comprising 12 tests was completed by 1286 individuals aged 15–41 (mean age 25.07, s.d. 5.88) from the PRONIA study at baseline: HC ( N = 454), clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR; N = 270), recent-onset depression (ROD; N = 267), and recent-onset psychosis (ROP; N = 295). Z-scores were calculated to estimate the prevalence of moderate or severe deficits or strengths (>2 s.d. or 1–2 s.d. below or above HC, respectively) for each cognitive test. Results Impairment in at least two cognitive tests was as follows: ROP (88.3% moderately, 45.1% severely impaired), CHR (71.2% moderately, 22.4% severely impaired), ROD (61.6% moderately, 16.2% severely impaired). Across clinical groups, impairments were most prevalent in tests of working memory, processing speed, and verbal learning. Above average performance (>1 s.d. ) in at least two tests was present for 40.5% ROD, 36.1% CHR, 16.1% ROP, and was >2 SDs in 1.8% ROD, 1.4% CHR, and 0% ROP. Conclusions These findings suggest that interventions should be tailored to the individual, with working memory, processing speed, and verbal learning likely to be important transdiagnostic targets.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

Actions

Email

Email this record

Send the bibliographic details of this record to your email address.

Your Email
Please enter the email address that the record information will be sent to.

-
Your message (optional)
Please add any additional information to be included within the email.
Share
Cite

Cite this record

APA Style

Stainton, A., Chisholm, K., Griffiths, S. L., Kambeitz-Ilankovic, L., Wenzel, J., Bonivento, C., Brambilla, P., Iqbal, M., Lichtenstein, T. K., Rosen, M., Antonucci, L. A., Maggioni, E., Kambeitz, J., Borgwardt, S., Riecher-Rössler, A., Andreou, C., Schmidt, A., Schultze-Lutter, F., Meisenzahl, E., … Upthegrove, R. (2023). Prevalence of cognitive impairments and strengths in the early course of psychosis and depression. Psychological Medicine, 53(13), 5945–5957.

MLA Style

Stainton, A, et al. “Prevalence of Cognitive Impairments and Strengths in the Early Course of Psychosis and Depression.” Psychological Medicine, vol. 53, no. 13, 2023, pp. 5945–57.

Chicago Style

Stainton, A, K Chisholm, SL Griffiths, et al. 2023. “Prevalence of Cognitive Impairments and Strengths in the Early Course of Psychosis and Depression.” Psychological Medicine 53 (13): 5945–57.
Print