Journal article
Raikoke volcanic sulfate/SO2 anticyclonic contained circulations: in situ proof, morphology, and radiative signature
- Abstract:
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300–400 km in diameter. Previous reports showed that one of these entities was traceable for 3 months. Anticyclonic circulation was also previously reported. We present multiple lines of evidence to characterize these cloud subelements by their spatial confinement, morphology, and sulfate-dominated aerosol aspect, which was evident from plume onset. In addition, we show that they were ably identifiable in geostationary satellite “cirrus channel” reflectance imagery and had an enduring signal of window infrared absorption, detectable for at least 1 month. The term we apply to this phenomenon is “sulfate/SO2 anticyclonic contained circulation,” abbreviated SSACC. Anticyclonic circulation is first detectable on 24 June, 2 days posteruption. Two SSACCs persist beyond June. One is traceable until mid-August over Canada. The other SSACC was discernible until 5 October after having completed three global circumnavigations. The internal SSACC circulation aspect is gleaned from geostationary-based visible image animations and confirmed in situ via a novel application of high-resolution radiosonde wind direction and balloon position data. We also examine diabatic lofting of both SSACCs in relation to their individual geographic and constituent morphologies. Thermal infrared observations show that SSACC aerosols produce brightness temperature depressions of ~2.6 K, opening a new line of investigation into the source of heating that contributes to diabatic rise.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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Access Document
- Files:
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(Preview, Accepted manuscript, pdf, 1.4MB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1029/2024jd041653
Authors
- Funder identifier:
- https://ror.org/02b5d8509
- Grant:
- NE/S004025/1
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Journal:
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres More from this journal
- Volume:
- 130
- Issue:
- 17
- Article number:
- e2024JD041653
- Publication date:
- 2025-08-29
- Acceptance date:
- 2025-08-05
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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2169-8996
- ISSN:
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2169-897X
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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2285261
- Local pid:
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pubs:2285261
- Deposit date:
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2025-09-07
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- American Geophysical Union
- Copyright date:
- 2025
- Rights statement:
- © 2025. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
- Notes:
- The author accepted manuscript (AAM) of this paper has been made available under the University of Oxford's Open Access Publications Policy, and a CC BY public copyright licence has been applied.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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