Journal article

Environmental factors and their timing in adult-onset multiple sclerosis

Abstract:: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common, complex neurological disease. Epidemiological data implicate both genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of MS, with various factors interacting with one another. Environmental exposures might occur long before the disease becomes clinically evident, as suggested by the wide range in onset age. In this Review, we examine the key time periods during which the environment might contribute to MS susceptibility, as well as the potential environmental factors involved. Understanding the nature of environmental influences in MS is highly relevant to the development of public health measures that are aimed at preventing this debilitating disease.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

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APA Style

Handel, A., Giovannoni, G., Ebers, G., & Ramagopalan, S. (2010). Environmental factors and their timing in adult-onset multiple sclerosis. Nature Reviews Neurology, 6(3), 156–166.

MLA Style

Handel, A., et al. “Environmental Factors and Their Timing in Adult-Onset Multiple Sclerosis.” Nature Reviews Neurology, vol. 6, no. 3, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 2010, pp. 156–66.

Chicago Style

Handel, A, G Giovannoni, G Ebers, and S Ramagopalan. 2010. “Environmental Factors and Their Timing in Adult-Onset Multiple Sclerosis.” Nature Reviews Neurology 6 (3): 156–66.
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Publisher copy:: 10.1038/nrneurol.2010.1

Authors

+ Handel, A More by this author

Institution:: University of Oxford
Department:: Medical Sciences Division - Clinical Neurology
Role:: Author

+ Giovannoni, G More by this author

Institution:: Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
Role:: Author

+ Ebers, G More by this author

Institution:: University of Oxford
Department:: Medical Sciences Division - Clinical Neurology
Role:: Author

+ Ramagopalan, S More by this author

Institution:: University of Oxford
Department:: Medical Sciences Division - Clinical Neurology
Role:: Author

Publisher:: Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Journal:: Nature Reviews Neurology More from this journal
Volume:: 6
Issue:: 3
Pages:: 156-166
Publication date:: 2010-03-01
DOI:: 10.1038/nrneurol.2010.1
EISSN:: 1759-4766
ISSN:: 1759-4758

Language:: English
Keywords:: smoking

sun exposure

multiple sclerosis

viral infection

vitamin D
Subjects:: Neuroscience

Multiple Sclerosis
UUID:: uuid:ac91076a-e9b4-475d-a9a4-c25b8646afb3
Local pid:: ora:4820
Deposit date:: 2011-01-18

Terms of use

Copyright holder:: Macmillan Publishers Ltd
Copyright date:: 2010
Notes:: The full-text of this article is not available in ORA, but you may be able to access the article via the publisher copy link on this record page.

Licence:: Terms and Conditions of Use for Oxford University Research Archive

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