Women’s reproductive factors and incident cardiovascular disease in the UK Biobank

Journal article

Background: Studies have suggested that women’s reproductive factors are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), however, findings are mixed. We assessed the relationship between reproductive factors and incident CVD in the UK Biobank.

Methods: Between 2006-10, the UK Biobank recruited over 500,000 participants aged 40-69 years across the UK. During 7 years of follow-up, 9,054 incident cases of CVD (34% women), 5,782 cases of CHD (28% women), and 3,489 cases of stroke (43% women) were recorded among 267,440 women and 215,088 men without a history of CVD at baseline. Cox regression models yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD, CHD, and stroke associated with reproductive factors.

Results: Adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) for CVD were 1.10 (1.01; 1.30) for early menarche (<12 years), 0.97 (0.96; 0.98) for each year increase in age at first birth, 1.07 (0.98; 1.17), 1.04 (1.00; 1.09) for each miscarriage, 1.14 (1.02; 1.28) for each stillbirth, and 1.33 (1.19; 1.49) for early menopause (<47 years). Hysterectomy without oophorectomy or with previous oophorectomy had adjusted HRs of 1.16 (1.06; 1.28) and 2.30 (1.20; 4.43) for CVD. Each child was associated with an HR for CVD of 1.03 (1.00; 1.06) in women and 1.03 (1.02; 1.05) in men.

Conclusions: Early menarche, early menopause, earlier age at first birth, and a history of miscarriage, stillbirth, or hysterectomy were each independently associated with a higher risk of CVD in later life. The relationship between the number of children and incident CVD was similar for men and women.

Authors: Peters, SAE; Woodward, M

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group
• Journal: Heart
• Volume: 104
• Issue: 13
• Pages: 1069-1075
• Publication date: 2018-01-03
• Acceptance date: 2017-11-28
• DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312289
• EISSN: 1468-201X
• ISSN: 1355-603
• Keywords: parity; pregnancy complications; menarche; hysterectomy; cardiovascular disease; oophorectomy; menopause; women