Journal article
Health-related quality of life in long COVID: mapping the condition-specific C19-YRSm measure onto the EQ-5D-5L
- Abstract:
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Background: Long COVID (LC) is a clinical syndrome with persistent, fluctuating symptoms subsequent to COVID-19 infection. LC has significant detrimental effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), activities of daily living (ADL), and work productivity. Condition-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the modified COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19-YRSm) do not provide the health utility data required for cost-utility analyses of LC interventions. The aim of this study was to derive a mapping algorithm for the C19-YRSm to enable health utilities to be generated from this PROM.
Methods: Data were collected from a large study evaluating LC services in the UK. A total of 1434 people with LC had completed both the C19-YRSm and the EQ-5D. Correlation and linear regression analyses were applied to determine items from the C19-YRSm and covariates for inclusion in the algorithm. Model fit, mean differences across the range of EQ-5D-3L utility scores, and Bland-Altman plots were evaluated. Responsiveness (standardised response mean; SRM) of the mapped utilities was investigated on a subset of participants with repeat assessments.
Results: There was a strong level of association between 8 items and one domain on the C19-YRSm with the EQ-5D single-item dimensions. Model fit was good (R2 = 0.7). The mean difference between observed and mapped scores was < 0.10 for the range from 0 to 1 indicating good targeting for positive values of the EQ-5D-3L. The SRM for the mapped EQ-5D-3L was 0.37 compared to 0.17 for the observed utility scores, suggesting the mapped EQ-5D-3L is more responsive to change.
Conclusion: A simple, responsive, and robust mapping algorithm was developed to generate enable EQ-5D-3L health utilities from the C19-YRSm. This will facilitate economic evaluations of LC interventions, treatment, and management, as well as further helping to describe and characterise patients with LC irrespective of any treatment and interventions.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 2.4MB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.2147/prom.s490870
Authors
- Funder identifier:
- https://ror.org/0187kwz08
- Grant:
- NIHR202402
- Publisher:
- Dove Press
- Journal:
- Patient Related Outcome Measures More from this journal
- Volume:
- 2025
- Issue:
- 16
- Pages:
- 55-66
- Publication date:
- 2025-01-25
- Acceptance date:
- 2025-01-03
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1179-271X
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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2081668
- Local pid:
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pubs:2081668
- Deposit date:
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2025-01-30
- ARK identifier:
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Smith et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2025
- Rights statement:
- © 2025 The Author(s). This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, 3.0) License. By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.
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