文化传播、人群移动和文化影响——研究文化交流的方法理论和西南地区与北方草原文化的关系

Journal article

1. 导言

20世纪五十年代，云南省石寨山遗址发现了饰有动物搏斗图案的青铜牌饰和北方类型的青铜兵器，这引起学术界相当大的震动。 这一发现似乎证实了Olov Jansé，Robert Von Heine Geldern等人在20世纪早期提出的的关于长距离移民和文化交流的观点。由于上述观点所依据的考古材料分布在广大的地域范围内，空间上存在缺环，因此长期被斥为缺乏有力证据。但近年来中国西南和东南地区的大量研究表明，在中国北方及其他地区存在的许多与石寨山平行的考古遗存需要某些解释。近年来提出的流行理论包括传播-移民论、全球化的概念，再到世界体系理论。所以，中外学者对中国西南和东南亚的材料所做的研究反映了考古学中文化交流问题的总体趋势，为讨论长途及短途人群互动研究的更高层次理论方法问题提供了优秀案例。

At the beginning of the 20th century, Western scholars tended to be quick to explain early developments in China and other parts of the world through diffusion of ideas and migration of people from Europe and/or the Near East. These scholars had based their ideas on a small number of finds scattered over a vast territory with huge find gaps in between, and at the time their claims had thus been refuted as lacking a sound basis. Since the 1950s, however, an increasing number of finds from southwest China and Southeast Asia show striking parallels to objects from northern China, Central Asia, and potentially even the Scythian realm. The theories proposed range from diffusionist-migrationist explanations to notions of globalization and world-system theories as they have become popular in recent years. The material from southwest China and Southeast Asia thus mirrors general trends in the development of cultural contact in archaeology as conducted both by Chinese and foreign scholars, and provides a good case in point to discuss larger theoretical and methodological issues of investigations into inter-group interaction over longer and shorter distances.

Authors: Hein, A

• Alternative title: Diffusion, migration, and cultural influence: Theoretical issues concerning the discussion of Steppe influences on the early cultures of Southwest China and Southeast Asia
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: Science Press
• Journal: 南方民族考古
• Volume: 11
• Pages: 67-90
• Publication date: 2015-11-01
• Acceptance date: 2015-09-17
• ISBN: 9787030465658
• Keywords: Southeast Asia; Stone-cist Graves; migration; diffusionism; Shizhaishan; long-distance contact; Southwest China