Reduced plate motion controlled timing of Early Jurassic Karoo-Ferrar large igneous province volcanism

Journal article

Past Large igneous province (LIP) emplacement is commonly associated with mantle plume upwelling and led to major carbon emissions. One of Earth’s largest past environmental perturbations, the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE; ~183 Ma), has been linked to Karoo-Ferrar LIP emplacement. However, the role of mantle plumes in controlling the onset and timing of LIP magmatism is poorly understood. Utilizing global plate reconstruction models and Lower Toarcian sedimentary mercury (Hg) concentrations, we demonstrate (1) that the T-OAE occurred coevally with Karoo-Ferrar emplacement, and (2) that timing and duration of LIP emplacement was governed by reduced Pangean plate motion, associated with a reversal in plate-movement direction. This new model mechanistically links Earth’s interior and surficial processes, and the mechanism is consistent with the timing of several of the largest LIP volcanic events throughout Earth history, and thus the timing of many of Earth’s past global climate change and mass extinction events.

Authors: Ruhl, M; Jenkyns, H; Mather, TA; Macniocaill, C

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Journal: Science Advances
• Volume: 8
• Issue: 36
• Article number: eabo0866
• Publication date: 2022-09-09
• Acceptance date: 2022-07-12
• DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo0866
• EISSN: 2375-2548
• Language: English
• Keywords: FFR