Development of a core outcome set for clinical trials of interventions to improve sleep in people with cognitive impairment‐the Sleep in Cognitive Impairment Core Outcome Set (SCICOS)

Journal article

INTRODUCTION: Sleep disturbances are common in older people with cognitive impairment, potentially contributing to negative outcomes. A core outcome set (COS) is required to reduce heterogeneity in clinical trials and promote the development of high‐quality evidence to support clinical management. METHODS: A multi‐stage mixed methods study was conducted in accordance with The Core Outcome Set Standards for Development. RESULTS: A systematic review identified 287 sleep outcomes from previous clinical trials. Qualitative interviews ensured the COS was informed by what matters most to people with cognitive impairment and their caregivers. A modified Delphi process identified nine outcomes for the COS: total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wakefulness after sleep onset, number of night‐time awakenings, sleep efficiency, and measures of sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, cognition, and mood. DISCUSSION: This COS will support researchers to produce more reliable and coherent trial data to guide the management of sleep disturbances in people with neurodegenerative cognitive impairment. Highlights: Evidence is lacking regarding the treatment of sleep disturbances in people with cognitive impairment. Heterogeneity of reported outcomes in clinical trials limits data synthesis. A qualitative analysis established what matters most to people with cognitive impairment and their caregivers when determining treatment effectiveness. A Delphi panel of experts agreed upon a core outcome set. This core outcome set will improve the reliability and comparability of data from future trials.

Authors: Crowley, P; Henry, AL; Flanagan, E; Antonsdottir, I; Bentley, A

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: Wiley
• Journal: Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
• Volume: 21
• Issue: 11
• Article number: e70890
• Publication date: 2025-11-06
• Acceptance date: 2025-10-12
• DOI: 10.1002/alz.70890
• EISSN: 1552-5279
• ISSN: 1552-5260
• Language: English
• Keywords: dementia; Alzheimer's disease; core outcome set; mild cognitive impairment; sleep