- Abstract:
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This article examines the famous edict in which the Qianlong emperor responded to the British embassy led by Lord Macartney to China in 1793, which has often been interpreted as a symbol of the Qing dynasty’s ignorance and narrow-mindedness. An examination of a wider range of archival documents suggests that the quotation does not reflect the Qianlong emperor’s response to the British embassy, which was primarily to see it as a security threat, but rather eighteenth-century British concerns w...
Expand abstract - Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
- Version:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Files:
-
-
(pdf, 388.4kb)
-
- Publisher copy:
- 10.1093/ahr/122.3.680
-
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- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press Publisher's website
- Journal:
- American Historical Review Journal website
- Volume:
- 122
- Issue:
- 3
- Pages:
- 680–701
- Publication date:
- 2017-06-08
- Acceptance date:
- 2016-09-09
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1937-5239
- ISSN:
-
0002-8762
- Pubs id:
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pubs:641861
- URN:
-
uri:774c2dfc-2d31-48c4-a41e-1fab73655014
- UUID:
-
uuid:774c2dfc-2d31-48c4-a41e-1fab73655014
- Local pid:
- pubs:641861
- Keywords:
- Copyright holder:
- Henrietta Harrison
- Copyright date:
- 2017
- Notes:
-
Copyright © 2016 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Historical Association. This is the accepted manuscript version of the article. The final version is available online from Oxford University Press at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ahr/122.3.680
Journal article
The Qianlong emperor’s letter to George III and the early-twentieth-century origins of ideas about traditional China’s foreign relations
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