Interaction between plasma phospholipid odd-chain fatty acids and GAD65 autoantibodies on the incidence of adult-onset diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct case–cohort study

Lampousi, A-M; Carlsson, S; Löfvenborg, JE; Cabrera-Castro, N; Chirlaque, M-D; Fagherazzi, G; Franks, PW; Hampe, CS; Jakszyn, P; Koulman, A; Kyrø, C; Moreno-Iribas, C; Nilsson, PM; Panico, S; Papier, K; van der Schouw, YT; Schulze, MB; Weiderpass, E; Zamora-Ros, R; Forouhi, NG; Sharp, SJ; Rolandsson, O; Wareham, NJ

Journal article

Interaction between plasma phospholipid odd-chain fatty acids and GAD65 autoantibodies on the incidence of adult-onset diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct case–cohort study

Abstract:: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Islet autoimmunity may progress to adult-onset diabetes. We investigated whether circulating odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA) 15:0 and 17:0, which are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes, interact with autoantibodies against GAD65 (GAD65Ab) on the incidence of adult-onset diabetes. METHODS: We used the European EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study including 11,124 incident adult-onset diabetes cases and a subcohort of 14,866 randomly selected individuals. Adjusted Prentice-weighted Cox regression estimated HRs and 95% CIs of diabetes in relation to 1 SD lower plasma phospholipid 15:0 and/or 17:0 concentrations or their main contributor, dairy intake, among GAD65Ab-negative and -positive individuals. Interactions between tertiles of OCFA and GAD65Ab status were estimated by proportion attributable to interaction (AP). RESULTS: Low concentrations of OCFA, particularly 17:0, were associated with a higher incidence of adult-onset diabetes in both GAD65Ab-negative (HR 1.55 [95% CI 1.48, 1.64]) and GAD65Ab-positive (HR 1.69 [95% CI 1.34, 2.13]) individuals. The combination of low 17:0 and high GAD65Ab positivity vs high 17:0 and GAD65Ab negativity conferred an HR of 7.51 (95% CI 4.83, 11.69), with evidence of additive interaction (AP 0.25 [95% CI 0.05, 0.45]). Low dairy intake was not associated with diabetes incidence in either GAD65Ab-negative (HR 0.98 [95% CI 0.94, 1.02]) or GAD65Ab-positive individuals (HR 0.97 [95% CI 0.79, 1.18]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Low plasma phospholipid 17:0 concentrations may promote the progression from GAD65Ab positivity to adult-onset diabetes.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

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APA Style

Lampousi, A.-M., Carlsson, S., Löfvenborg, J. E., Cabrera-Castro, N., Chirlaque, M.-D., Fagherazzi, G., Franks, P. W., Hampe, C. S., Jakszyn, P., Koulman, A., Kyrø, C., Moreno-Iribas, C., Nilsson, P. M., Panico, S., Papier, K., van der Schouw, Y. T., Schulze, M. B., Weiderpass, E., Zamora-Ros, R., … Wareham, N. J. (2023). Interaction between plasma phospholipid odd-chain fatty acids and GAD65 autoantibodies on the incidence of adult-onset diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct case–cohort study. Diabetologia, 66(8), 1460–1471.

MLA Style

Lampousi, A-M, et al. “Interaction between Plasma Phospholipid Odd-Chain Fatty Acids and GAD65 Autoantibodies on the Incidence of Adult-Onset Diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct Case–Cohort Study.” Diabetologia, vol. 66, no. 8, 2023, pp. 1460–71.

Chicago Style

Lampousi, A-M, S Carlsson, JE Löfvenborg, et al. 2023. “Interaction between Plasma Phospholipid Odd-Chain Fatty Acids and GAD65 Autoantibodies on the Incidence of Adult-Onset Diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct Case–Cohort Study.” Diabetologia 66 (8): 1460–71.
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