Journal article
Bilingualism: A global public health strategy for healthy cognitive ageing
- Abstract:
- Dementia is a global public health priority which cost global societies $818 billion in 2015 and is disproportionately impacting low and middle-income countries (LMICs). With limited availability of disease modifying drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD), researchers have increasingly focused on preventative strategies which may promote healthy cognitive aging and mitigate the risk of cognitive impairment in aging. Lifelong bilingualism has been presented as both a highly debated and promising cognitive reserve factor which has been associated with better cognitive outcomes in aging. A recent metanalysis has suggested that bilingual individuals present on average 4.05 years later with the clinical features of AD than monolinguals. Bilinguals are also diagnosed with AD ~2.0 years later than monolingual counterparts. In this perspective piece we critically evaluate the findings of this metanalysis and consider the specific implications of these findings to LMICs. Furthermore, we appraise the major epidemiological studies conducted globally on bilingualism and the onset of dementia. We consider how both impactful and robust studies of bilingualism and cognition in older age may be conducted in LMICs. Given the limited expenditure and resources available in LMICs and minimal successes of clinical trials of disease modifying drugs we propose that bilingualism should be positioned as an important and specific public health strategy for maintaining healthy cognitive aging in LMICs. Finally, we reflect upon the scope of implementing bilingualism within the education systems of LMICs and the promotion of bilingualism as a healthy cognitive aging initiative within government policy.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, 669.0KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.3389/fneur.2021.628368
Authors
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Media
- Journal:
- Frontiers in Neurology More from this journal
- Volume:
- 12
- Article number:
- 628368
- Publication date:
- 2021-04-15
- Acceptance date:
- 2021-03-16
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1664-2295
- Pmid:
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33935937
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1174555
- Local pid:
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pubs:1174555
- Deposit date:
-
2022-01-28
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Mendis et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2021
- Rights statement:
- © 2021 Mendis, Raymont and Tabet. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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