Invariant NKT cells metabolically adapt to the acute myeloid leukaemia environment

Journal article

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) creates an immunosuppressive environment to conventional T cells through Arginase 2 (ARG2)-induced arginine depletion. We identify that AML blasts release the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA), which acts in an autocrine manner to upregulate ARG2 expression and activity, and promote AML blast viability. Following in vitro cross-talk invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells become activated, upregulate mitochondrial capacity, and release IFN-γ. iNKT retain their ability to proliferate and be activated despite the low arginine AML environment, due to the upregulation of Large Neutral Amino Acid Transporter-1 (LAT-1) and Argininosuccinate Synthetase 1 (ASS)-dependent amino acid pathways, resulting in AML cell death. T cell proliferation is restored in vitro and in vivo. The capacity of iNKT cells to restore antigen-specific T cell immunity was similarly demonstrated against myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in wild-type and Jα18−/− syngeneic lymphoma-bearing models in vivo. Thus, stimulation of iNKT cell activity has the potential as an immunotherapy against AML or as an adjunct to boost antigen-specific T cell immunotherapies in haematological or solid cancers

Authors: Stavrou, V; Fultang, L; Booth, S; De Simone, D; Bartnik, A

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: Springer
• Journal: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
• Volume: 72
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 543-560
• Publication date: 2022-08-13
• DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03268-4
• EISSN: 1432-0851
• ISSN: 0340-7004
• Language: English
• Keywords: Immunotherapy; Cell biology; Immunology; Myeloid; Arginine; Immune system; Amino acid; Arginase; Downregulation and upregulation; Biology; Biochemistry; Cancer research