Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with
primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK

Shields, AM; Anantharachagan, A; Arumugakani, G; Baker, K; Bahal, S; Baxendale, H; Bermingham, W; Bhole, M; Boules, E; Bright, P; Chopra, C; Cliffe, L; Cleave, B; Dempster, J; Devlin, L; Dhalla, F; Diwakar, L; Drewe, E; Duncan, C; Dziadzio, M; Elcombe, S; Elkhalifa, S; Gennery, A; Ghanta, H; Goddard, S; Grigoriadou, S; Hackett, S; Hayman, G; Herriot, R; Herwadkar, A; Huissoon, A; Jain, R; Jolles, S; Johnston, S; Khan, S; Laffan, J; Lane, P; Leeman, L; Lowe, DM; Mahabir, S; Lochlainn, DJM; McDermott, E; Misbah, S; Moghaddas, F; Morsi, H; Murng, S; Noorani, S; O'Brien, R; Patel, S; Price, A

COVID-19 Collection

Journal article

Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK

Abstract:: In March 2020, the United Kingdom Primary Immunodeficiency Network (UKPIN) established a registry of cases to collate the outcomes of individuals with PID and SID following SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment. A total of 310 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with PID or SID have now been reported in the UK. The overall mortality within the cohort was 17.7% (n = 55/310). Individuals with CVID demonstrated an infection fatality rate (IFR) of 18.3% (n = 17/93), individuals with PID receiving IgRT had an IFR of 16.3% (n = 26/159) and individuals with SID, an IFR of 27.2% (n = 25/92). Individuals with PID and SID had higher inpatient mortality and died at a younger age than the general population. Increasing age, low pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection lymphocyte count and the presence of common co-morbidities increased the risk of mortality in PID. Access to specific COVID-19 treatments in this cohort was limited: only 22.9% (n = 33/144) of patients admitted to the hospital received dexamethasone, remdesivir, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutic (e.g. REGN-COV2 or convalescent plasma) or tocilizumab as a monotherapy or in combination. Dexamethasone, remdesivir, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutics appeared efficacious in PID and SID. Compared to the general population, individuals with PID or SID are at high risk of mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increasing age, low baseline lymphocyte count, and the presence of co-morbidities are additional risk factors for poor outcome in this cohort.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

Actions

Email

Email this record

Send the bibliographic details of this record to your email address.

Your Email
Please enter the email address that the record information will be sent to.

-
Your message (optional)
Please add any additional information to be included within the email.
Share
Cite

Cite this record

APA Style

Shields, A., Anantharachagan, A., Arumugakani, G., Baker, K., Bahal, S., Baxendale, H., Bermingham, W., Bhole, M., Boules, E., Bright, P., Chopra, C., Cliffe, L., Cleave, B., Dempster, J., Devlin, L., Dhalla, F., Diwakar, L., Drewe, E., Duncan, C., … Price, A. (2022). Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK. Clinical & Experimental Immunology, 209(3), 247–258.

MLA Style

Shields, AM, et al. “Outcomes Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiency in the UK.” Clinical & Experimental Immunology, vol. 209, no. 3, 2022, pp. 247–58.

Chicago Style

Shields, AM, A. Anantharachagan, G. Arumugakani, et al. 2022. “Outcomes Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiency in the UK.” Clinical & Experimental Immunology 209 (3): 247–58.
Print