Journal article icon

Journal article

Disentangling heterogeneity of psychosis expression in the general population: sex-specific moderation effects of environmental risk factors on symptom networks

Abstract:

Background: Psychosis expression in the general population may reflect a behavioral manifestation of the risk for psychotic disorder. It can be conceptualized as an interconnected system of psychotic and affective experiences; a so-called ‘symptom network’. Differences in demographics, as well as exposure to adversities and risk factors, may produce substantial heterogeneity in symptom networks, highlighting potential etiological divergence in psychosis risk.

Methods: To explore this idea in a data-driven way, we employed a novel recursive partitioning approach in the 2007 English National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity (N = 7242). We sought to identify ‘network phenotypes’ by explaining heterogeneity in symptom networks through potential moderators, including age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, childhood abuse, separation from parents, bullying, domestic violence, cannabis use, and alcohol.

Results: Sex was the primary source of heterogeneity in symptom networks. Additional heterogeneity was explained by interpersonal trauma (childhood abuse and domestic violence) in women and domestic violence, cannabis use, ethnicity in men. Among women, especially those exposed to early interpersonal trauma, an affective loading within psychosis may have distinct relevance. Men, particularly those from minority ethnic groups, demonstrated a strong network connection between hallucinatory experiences and persecutory ideation.

Conclusion: Symptom networks of psychosis expression in the general population are highly heterogeneous. The structure of symptom networks seems to reflect distinct sex-related adversities, etiologies, and mechanisms of symptom-expression. Disentangling the complex interplay of sex, minority ethnic group status, and other risk factors may help optimize early intervention and prevention strategies in psychosis.

Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

Actions

Access Document

Files:
Publisher copy:
10.1017/s0033291721003470

Authors

More by this author
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-1741-4069
More by this author
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-1624-386X
More by this author
Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
MSD
Sub department:
Psychiatry
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-9205-2144
More by this author
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0001-8204-5103


Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Journal:
Psychological Medicine More from this journal
Volume:
53
Issue:
5
Pages:
1860 - 1869
Publication date:
2021-08-25
DOI:
EISSN:
1469-8978
ISSN:
0033-2917


Language:
English
Keywords:
Pubs id:
1193041
Local pid:
pubs:1193041
Deposit date:
2021-09-11
ARK identifier:

Terms of use


Views and Downloads






If you are the owner of this record, you can report an update to it here: Report update to this record

TO TOP