Relations among speech, language, and reading disorders.

Journal article

In this article, we critically review the evidence for overlap among three developmental disorders, namely speech sound disorder (SSD), language impairment (LI), and reading disability (RD), at three levels of analysis: diagnostic, cognitive, and etiological. We find that while overlap exists at all three levels, it varies by comorbidity subtype, and the relations among these three disorders are complex and not fully understood. We evaluate which comorbidity models can be rejected or supporte...

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Authors: Pennington, B; Bishop, D

• Publication status: Published
• Journal: Annual review of psychology
• Volume: 60
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 283-306
• Publication date: 2009-01-01
• DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163548
• EISSN: 1545-2085
• ISSN: 0066-4308
• Language: English
• Keywords: Risk Factors; Speech Disorders; Neural Networks (Computer); Dyslexia; Language Development Disorders; Social Environment; Vocabulary; Comprehension; Humans; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Comorbidity; Phonetics; Cross-Sectional Studies; Child