Constraints on Populations of Neutrino Sources from Searches in the Directions of IceCube Neutrino Alerts

Journal article

The recent extremely bright gamma-ray burst (GRB), GRB 230307A from a binary neutron star merger may offer a good probe for the production of GRB-neutrinos. Within the constraint from IceCube neutrino non-detection, the limits for key physical parameters of this burst are extracted in different scenarios including the fireball, Poynting-flux-dominated (PFD) and hybrid jet. Different from the former nearby `monsters' and due to its smaller isotropic equivalent radiated energy ($E_{\gamma,\rm iso}\sim4\times10^{52}$ erg), the constraint seems loose if non-thermal neutrinos produced from photomeson interactions are the only consideration. However, a quasi-thermal neutrino emission from hadronuclear processes is constrained in this neutron-rich post-merger environment, and the upper limit of the allowed nucleon loading factor is about a few. Based on this, a discussion is presented on the possible prompt emission mechanism and jet composition for GRB 230307A in the context of multi-messenger astrophysics. It is worth noting that till now no GRB-neutrinos have been ever detected, even for the two brightest nearby GRBs ever observed (GRB 221009A and GRB 230307A) which have different dissipation mechanisms.Comment: Published in ApJ 958,133;accepted for publication in ApJ on Oct. 11; 13 pages, 3 figures. submitted on 2023.08.11. Minor revision according to the reviwer's suggestions on Oct. 0

Authors: Abbasi, R; Ackermann, M; Adams, J; Aggarwal, N; Aguilar, JA

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: American Astronomical Society
• Journal: The Astrophysical Journal
• Volume: 951
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 45-45
• Publication date: 2023-07-03
• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acd2ca
• EISSN: 1538-4357
• ISSN: 0004-637X
• Language: English
• Keywords: Solar neutrino; Astrophysics; Neutrino detector; Solar neutrino problem; Neutrino; Physics; Particle physics; Neutrino astronomy; Neutrino oscillation; Astronomy