Journal article : Review
A continuum hypothesis of psychotomimetic rapid antidepressants
- Abstract:
- Ketamine, classical psychedelics and sleep deprivation are associated with rapid effects on depression. Interestingly, these interventions also have common psychotomimetic actions, mirroring aspects of psychosis such as an altered sense of self, perceptual distortions and distorted thinking. This raises the question whether these interventions might be acute antidepressants through the same mechanisms that underlie some of their psychotomimetic effects. That is, perhaps some symptoms of depression can be understood as occupying the opposite end of a spectrum where elements of psychosis can be found on the other side. This review aims at reviewing the evidence underlying a proposed <i>continuum hypothesis of psychotomimetic rapid antidepressants</i>, suggesting that a range of psychotomimetic interventions are also acute antidepressants as well as trying to explain these common features in a hierarchical predictive coding framework, where we hypothesise that these interventions share a common mechanism by increasing the flexibility of prior expectations. Neurobiological mechanisms at play and the role of different neuromodulatory systems affected by these interventions and their role in controlling the precision of prior expectations and new sensory evidence will be reviewed. The proposed hypothesis will also be discussed in relation to other existing theories of antidepressants. We also suggest a number of novel experiments to test the hypothesis and highlight research areas that could provide further insights, in the hope to better understand the acute antidepressant properties of these interventions.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 571.7KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1177/23982128211007772
Authors
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- Journal:
- Brain and Neuroscience Advances More from this journal
- Volume:
- 5
- Article number:
- 23982128211007772
- Publication date:
- 2021-05-03
- Acceptance date:
- 2021-03-08
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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2398-2128
- ISSN:
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2398-2128
- Pmid:
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34017922
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Subtype:
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Review
- Pubs id:
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1178325
- Local pid:
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pubs:1178325
- Deposit date:
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2022-04-07
- ARK identifier:
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Haarsma et al
- Copyright date:
- 2021
- Rights statement:
- © The Author(s) 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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