Journal article icon

Journal article

Chat-IRB? How application-specific language models can enhance research ethics review

Abstract:
Institutional review boards (IRBs) play a crucial role in ensuring the ethical conduct of human subjects research, but face challenges including inconsistency, delays, and inefficiencies. We propose the development and implementation of application-specific large language models (LLMs) to facilitate IRB review processes. These IRB-specific LLMs would be fine-tuned on IRB-specific literature and institutional datasets, and equipped with retrieval capabilities to access up-to-date, context-relevant information. We outline potential applications, including pre-review screening, preliminary analysis, consistency checking, and decision support. While addressing concerns about accuracy, context sensitivity, and human oversight, we acknowledge remaining challenges such as over-reliance on artificial intelligence and the need for transparency. By enhancing the efficiency and quality of ethical review while maintaining human judgement in critical decisions, IRB-specific LLMs offer a promising tool to improve research oversight. We call for pilot studies to evaluate the feasibility and impact of this approach.
Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

Actions

Access Document

Publisher copy:
10.1136/jme-2025-110845

Authors

More by this author
Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
SSD
Department:
Law
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-1867-2097
More by this author
Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
HUMS
Department:
Uehiro Institute
Role:
Author


More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/029chgv08
Grant:
226801/Z/22/Z
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/03cpyc314


Publisher:
BMJ Publishing Group
Journal:
Journal of Medical Ethics More from this journal
Place of publication:
England
Publication date:
2025-08-05
Acceptance date:
2025-07-03
DOI:
EISSN:
1473-4257
ISSN:
0306-6800
Pmid:
40764013


Language:
English
Pubs id:
2280333
Local pid:
pubs:2280333
Deposit date:
2025-08-28
ARK identifier:

Terms of use


Views and Downloads






If you are the owner of this record, you can report an update to it here: Report update to this record

TO TOP