The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2025: country results and methodological note

Working paper

This methodological note presents the methodology and technical decisions behind the country (national) results of the global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2025. The country results for 2025 are based on the most recent data from 109 countries, covering 6.3 billion people. This note is structured as follows. Section 2 presents the global MPI structure and indicator definitions, while Section 3 outlines the global MPI and its partial indices that we estimate and publish. Section 4 elaborates on the toolbox designed to estimate the global MPI. Section 5 details the data management policies of the global MPI. Section 6 summarises the survey details and Section 7 summarises the country-specific technical decisions that were applied for each of the new or updated surveys. We conclude with brief reflections.

Authors: Alkire, S; Mishra, R; Selden, L; Suppa, N

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Reviewed (other)
• Publisher: Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)
• Host title: OPHI MPI Methodological Notes
• Pages: 1-20
• Series: OPHI MPI Methodological Notes
• Place of publication: Oxford
• Publication date: 2025-10-17
• Paper number: 61
• Language: English
• Keywords: Multidimensional Poverty Index; methodology; poverty measurement; Alkire-Foster method; MPI; global MPI