Journal article
Tobacco smoking and risk of Parkinson disease: 65-year follow-up of 30,000 male British doctors
- Abstract:
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Objective:
To investigate the causal relevance of current tobacco smoking for the risk of Parkinson disease (PD).
Methods:
We compared the risks of death from PD with smoking habits in 30,000 male doctors in the British Doctors cohort study in 1951 and in survivors who had been resurveyed periodically for 5 decades. Cause-specific mortality was monitored for 65 years and included 283 deaths from PD. The relative risks (RRs) of PD (and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were estimated using Cox models for smoking habits (smoking status, amount smoked, and years since quitting) at baseline or updated habits at resurvey.
Results:
The prevalence of current smoking declined progressively during follow-up from 67% to 8% between 1951 and 1998. The crude rates of PD death were lower in current smokers than in never smokers at baseline (30 vs 46/100,000 persons-years). After adjustment for age at risk, current smokers at baseline had a 30% lower risk of PD (RR 0.71; 95% CI 0.60–0.84), and continuing smokers classified using updated smoking habits at resurvey had a 40% lower risk (RR 0.60; 95% CI 0.46–0.77) of PD compared with never smokers. The risks of PD were inversely associated with the amount of tobacco smoked. The protective effect of current smoking vs never smoking for PD was attenuated by increasing duration since quitting smoking.
Conclusions:
In contrast to previous suggestions, the present report demonstrates a causally protective effect of current smoking on the risk of PD, which may provide insights into the etiology of PD.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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- Files:
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 360.4KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009437
Authors
- Publisher:
- American Academy of Neurology
- Journal:
- Neurology More from this journal
- Volume:
- 94
- Issue:
- 20
- Article number:
- e2133
- Publication date:
- 2020-05-05
- Acceptance date:
- 2019-12-05
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1526-632X
- ISSN:
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0028-3878
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1096846
- Local pid:
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pubs:1096846
- Deposit date:
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2020-03-27
- ARK identifier:
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Mappin-Kasirer et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2020
- Rights statement:
- Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. All rights reserved. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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