Preparing for Future Pandemics: Vaccine Effectiveness Against SARS-CoV-2 Variant in a High-Risk Hospital Environment—A Case Study From Vietnam

Journal article

On 30 September 2021, Viet Duc University Hospital in Northern Vietnam, reported a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta outbreak, leading to an 18-day lockdown and repeated testing of all on-site individuals. At this time, SARS-CoV-2 was not yet circulating at scale among the general public and COVID-19 vaccination status varied among staff, patients, and caregivers. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE), attack rates (ARs), and adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) to identify factors associated with infection among infection-naïve patients, caregivers, and staff using multivariable regression analysis. Among 630 at-risk individuals, there were 131 (21%) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 cases including three deaths. The overall VE was 78%. Hospital staff and people who were fully vaccinated had a significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (P < .05). Our analysis shows the importance of being fully vaccinated in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospital settings.

Authors: Nguyen, HT; Duong, LH; Pham, TQ; Dao, TH; Nguyen, KT

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: SAGE Publications
• Journal: Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health
• Volume: 37
• Issue: 8
• Pages: 681-689
• Publication date: 2025-08-09
• DOI: 10.1177/10105395251360136
• EISSN: 1941-2479
• ISSN: 1010-5395
• Language: English
• Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; vaccine effectiveness; nosocomial infections; hospital; health care-associated infections