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Stabilizing interconnecting layers for all-perovskite tandem photovoltaics

Abstract:
Robust interconnecting layers are critical for all-perovskite tandems but are typically limited by acidic poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and interdiffusive gold, compromising stability. Here, we substitute PEDOT:PSS with a conjugated polyelectrolyte-modified bithiophene-triphenylamine small molecule as the hole transport layer for tin-lead perovskite subcells, ensuring superior hole extraction and interfacial robustness. The gold recombination junction is replaced with a 5-nm-thick sputtercoated indium-doped zinc oxide to eliminate metal diffusion and minimize parasitic absorption. This design yields certified efficiencies of 29.80% and 30.19% for double-junction tandems employing methylammonium (MA)-free and MA-containing narrow-band-gap subcells, respectively. Furthermore, 1.0-cm2 devices and 11.3-cm2 mini-modules show efficiencies up to 28.7% and 25.0%, respectively. Encouragingly, encapsulated tandems maintain 90% of their initial efficiency after over 770, 530, and 220 h of maximum power point tracking under illumination at 45C, 65C, and 85C, respectively. This work presents a viable route beyond PEDOT:PSS for narrow-band-gap perovskites toward reliable all-perovskite tandem photovoltaics.
Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

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Publisher copy:
10.1016/j.joule.2026.102483

Authors

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Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
MPLS
Department:
Physics
Sub department:
Condensed Matter Physics
Research group:
Clarendon Laboratory
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-1312-075X


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Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/041fzeq08
Grant:
23gya05
Programme:
Science and Technology Plan Project
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Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/00p991c53
Grant:
2025BRB016
Programme:
Fundamental Research Support Program
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Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/0426zh255
Grant:
2024M751002
2023M731172
GZC20240528
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/01mf47c71
Grant:
OVL2021BG008
More from this funder
Funder identifier:
https://ror.org/027s68j25
Grant:
2021YFB3800104


Publisher:
Cell Press
Journal:
Joule More from this journal
Article number:
102483
Publication date:
2026-05-13
Acceptance date:
2026-04-20
DOI:
EISSN:
2542-4351
ISSN:
2542-4785


Language:
English
Keywords:
Pubs id:
2419815
Local pid:
pubs:2419815
Deposit date:
2026-05-14
ARK identifier:

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