Differences among the coloured, white, black, and other South African populations in smoking-attributed mortality at ages 35-74 years: a case-control study of 481,640 deaths.

Sitas, F; Egger, S; Bradshaw, D; Groenewald, P; Laubscher, R; Kielkowski, D; Peto, R

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The full eventual effects of current smoking patterns cannot yet be seen in Africa. In South Africa, however, men and women in the coloured (mixed black and white ancestry) population have smoked for many decades. We assess mortality from smoking in the coloured, white, and black (African) population groups. METHODS: In this case-control study, 481,640 South African notifications of death at ages 35-74 years between 1999 and 2007 yielded information about age, sex, population grou...

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APA Style

Sitas, F., Egger, S., Bradshaw, D., Groenewald, P., Laubscher, R., Kielkowski, D., & Peto, R. (2013). Differences among the coloured, white, black, and other South African populations in smoking-attributed mortality at ages 35-74 years: a case-control study of 481,640 deaths. Lancet, 382(9893), 685–693.

MLA Style

Sitas, F., et al. “Differences among the Coloured, White, Black, and Other South African Populations in Smoking-Attributed Mortality at Ages 35-74 Years: a Case-Control Study of 481,640 Deaths.” Lancet, vol. 382, no. 9893, Lancet, 2013, pp. 685–93.

Chicago Style

Sitas, F, S Egger, D Bradshaw, P Groenewald, R Laubscher, D Kielkowski, and R Peto. 2013. “Differences among the Coloured, White, Black, and Other South African Populations in Smoking-Attributed Mortality at Ages 35-74 Years: a Case-Control Study of 481,640 Deaths.” Lancet 382 (9893): 685–93.
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