Journal article icon

Journal article

Intravesical Ty21a treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer induces immune responses that correlate with safety and may be associated to therapy potential

Abstract:

Background

Standard of care treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) is associated with side effects, disease recurrence/progression and supply shortages. We recently showed in a phase I trial (NCT03421236) that intravesical instillation in patients with NMIBC with the maximal tolerated dose of Ty21a/Vivotif, the oral vaccine against typhoid fever, might have a better safety profile. In the present report, we assessed the immunogenicity of intravesical Ty21a in patients of the clinical trial that had received the maximal tolerated dose and compared it with data obtained in patients that had received standard BCG.

Methods

Urinary cytokines and immune cells of patients with NMIBC treated with intravesical instillations of Ty21a (n=13, groups A and F in NCT03421236) or with standard BCG in a concomitant observational study (n=12, UROV1) were determined by Luminex and flow cytometry, respectively. Serum anti-lipopolysaccharide Typhi antibodies and circulating Ty21a-specific T-cell responses were also determined in the Ty21a patients. Multiple comparisons of different paired variables were performed with a mixed-effect analysis, followed by Sidak post-test. Single comparisons were performed with a paired or an unpaired Student’s t-test.

Results

As compared with BCG, Ty21a induced lower levels of inflammatory urinary cytokines, which correlated to the milder adverse events (AEs) observed in Ty21a patients. However, both Ty21a and BCG induced a Th1 tumor environment. Peripheral Ty21a-specific T-cell responses and/or antibodies were observed in most Ty21a patients, pointing the bladder as an efficient local immune inductive site. Besides, Ty21a-mediated stimulation of unconventional Vδ2 T cells was also observed, which turned out more efficient than BCG. Finally, few Ty21a instillations were sufficient for increasing urinary infiltration of dendritic cells and T cells, which were previously associated with therapeutic efficacy in the orthotopic mouse model of NMIBC.

Conclusions

Ty21a immunotherapy of patient with NMIBC is promising with fewer inflammatory cytokines and mild AE, but induction of immune responses with possible antitumor potentials. Future phase II clinical trials are necessary to explore possible efficacy of intravesical Ty21a.
Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

Actions


Access Document


Publisher copy:
10.1136/jitc-2023-008020

Authors


More by this author
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-3403-161X


Publisher:
BMJ Publishing Group
Journal:
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer More from this journal
Volume:
11
Issue:
12
Article number:
e008020
Publication date:
2023-12-14
Acceptance date:
2023-11-30
DOI:
EISSN:
2051-1426


Language:
English
Pubs id:
1995191
Local pid:
pubs:1995191
Deposit date:
2024-05-09

Terms of use



Views and Downloads






If you are the owner of this record, you can report an update to it here: Report update to this record

TO TOP