Sulphur dioxide fluxes from Mount Etna, Vulcano, and Stromboli measured with an automated scanning ultraviolet spectrometer

Journal article

We report here SO2 flux measurements for the southern Italian volcanoes: Mount Etna, Vulcano, and Stromboli made in July 2002 from fixed positions, using an automated plume scanning technique. Spectral data were collected using a miniature ultraviolet spectrometer, and SO2 column amounts were derived with a differential optical absorption spectroscopy evaluation routine. Scanning through the plume was enabled by a 45° turning mirror affixed to the shaft of a computer controlled stepper motor, so that scattered skylight from incremental angles within the horizon-to-horizon scans was reflected into the field of view of the spectrometer. Each scan lasted ∼5 min and, by combining these data with wind speeds, average fluxes of 940, 14, and 280 Mg d-1 were obtained for Etna, Vulcano, and Stromboli, respectively. For comparative purposes, conventional road and airborne traverses were also made using this spectrometer, yielding fluxes of 850, 17, and 210 Mg d-1. The automated scanning technique has the advantage of obviating the need for time-consuming traverses underneath the plume and is well suited for longer-term telemetered deployments to provide sustained high time resolution flux data.

Authors: McGonigle, A; Oppenheimer, C; Hayes, A; Galle, B; Edmonds, M

• Publication status: Published
• Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
• Volume: 108
• Issue: B9
• Publication date: 2003-09-30
• DOI: 10.1029/2002JB002261
• ISSN: 2169-9313
• Language: English
• Keywords: volcanic gas monitoring; remote sensing; DOAS; SO2 emissions; ultraviolet spectroscopy