Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV

Mudibo, EO; Bogaert, J; Tigoi, C; Ngari, MM; Singa, BO; Lancioni, CL; Diallo, AH; Mbale, E; Mupere, E; Mukisa, J; Thitiri, J; Timbwa, M; Omer, E; Ngao, N; Musyimi, R; Kahindi, E; Bamouni, RM; Bandsma, RHJ; Kelly, P; Prendergast, AJ; McGrath, CJ; Tickell, KD; Walson, JL; Berkley, JA

Journal article

Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV

Abstract:: In sub-Saharan Africa, children with severe malnutrition (SM) and HIV have substantially worse outcomes than children with SM alone, facing higher mortality risk and impaired nutritional recovery post-hospitalisation. Biological mechanisms underpinning this risk remain incompletely understood. This case-control study nested within the CHAIN cohort in Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, and Burkina Faso examined effect of HIV on six months post-discharge growth among children with SM and those at risk of malnutrition, assessed proteomic signatures associated with HIV in these children, and investigated how these systemic processes impact post-discharge growth in children with SM. Using SomaScanTM assay, 7335 human plasma proteins were quantified. Linear mixed models identified HIV-associated biological processes and their associations with post-discharge growth. Using structural equation modelling, we examined directed paths explaining how HIV influences post-discharge growth. Here, we show that at baseline, HIV is associated with lower anthropometry. Additionally, HIV is associated with protein profiles indicating increased complement activation and decreased insulin-like growth factor signalling and bone mineralisation. HIV indirectly affects post-discharge growth by influencing baseline anthropometry and modulating proteins involved in bone mineralisation and humoral immune responses. These findings suggest specific biological pathways linking HIV to poor growth, offering insights for targeted interventions in this vulnerable population.

Publication status:: Published

Peer review status:: Peer reviewed

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APA Style

Mudibo, E. O., Bogaert, J., Tigoi, C., Ngari, M. M., Singa, B. O., Lancioni, C. L., Diallo, A. H., Mbale, E., Mupere, E., Mukisa, J., Thitiri, J., Timbwa, M., Omer, E., Ngao, N., Musyimi, R., Kahindi, E., Bamouni, R. M., Bandsma, R. H. J., Kelly, P., … Berkley, J. A. (2024). Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV. Nature Communications, 15(1).

MLA Style

Mudibo, E. O., et al. “Systemic Biological Mechanisms Underpin Poor Post-Discharge Growth among Severely Wasted Children with HIV.” Nature Communications, vol. 15, no. 1, Nature Research, 2024.

Chicago Style

Mudibo, EO, J Bogaert, C Tigoi, MM Ngari, BO Singa, CL Lancioni, AH Diallo, et al. 2024. “Systemic Biological Mechanisms Underpin Poor Post-Discharge Growth among Severely Wasted Children with HIV.” Nature Communications 15 (1).
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