Paradoxical and bidirectional drug effects.

Journal article

A paradoxical drug reaction constitutes an outcome that is opposite from the outcome that would be expected from the drug's known actions. There are three types: 1. A paradoxical response in a condition for which the drug is being explicitly prescribed. 2. Paradoxical precipitation of a condition for which the drug is indicated, when the drug is being used for an alternative indication. 3. Effects that are paradoxical in relation to an aspect of the pharmacology of the drug but unrelated to t...

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Authors: Smith, S; Hauben, M; Aronson, J

• Publication status: Published
• Journal: Drug safety
• Volume: 35
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 173-189
• Publication date: 2012-03-01
• DOI: 10.2165/11597710-000000000-00000
• EISSN: 1179-1942
• ISSN: 0114-5916
• Language: English
• Keywords: Pharmacokinetics; Humans; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacovigilance; Pharmacological Processes; Pharmacological Phenomena