Search for new phenomena in events with two opposite-charge leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{\mathrm{s}} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Journal article

Neutron stars and quark stars are ideal laboratories to study fundamental physics at supra nuclear densities and strong gravitational fields. Astrophysical observables, however, depend strongly on the star's internal structure, which is currently unknown due to uncertainties in the equation of state. Universal relations, however, exist among certain stellar observables that do not depend sensitively on the star's internal structure. One such set of relations is between the star's moment of inertia ($I$), its tidal Love number (Love) and its quadrupole moment ($Q$), the so-called I-Love-Q relations. Similar relations hold among the star's multipole moments, which resemble the well-known black hole no-hair theorems. Universal relations break degeneracies among astrophysical observables, leading to a variety of applications: (i) X-ray measurements of the nuclear matter equation of state, (ii) gravitational wave measurements of the intrinsic spin of inspiraling compact objects, and (iii) gravitational and astrophysical tests of General Relativity that are independent of the equation of state. We here review how the universal relations come about and all the applications that have been devised to date.Comment: 89 pages, 38 figures; review article submitted to Physics Report

Authors: Aad, G; Abbott, B; Abbott, DC; Abed Abud, A; Abeling, K

• Publication status: Published
• Peer review status: Peer reviewed
• Publisher: Springer
• Journal: Journal of High Energy Physics
• Volume: 2021
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 165
• Article number: 165
• Publication date: 2021-04-16
• DOI: 10.1007/jhep04(2021)165
• EISSN: 1029-8479
• ISSN: 1126-6708
• Language: English
• Keywords: Neutralino; Muon; Physics; Pair production; Lepton; Dark matter; Standard Model (mathematical formulation); Large Hadron Collider; Nuclear physics; Electron; Particle physics