- Abstract:
-
Flying insects generate forces that are too large to be accounted for by conventional steady-state aerodynamics. To investigate these mechanisms of force generation, we trained red admiral butterflies, Vanessa atalanta, to fly freely to and from artificial flowers in a wind tunnel, and used high-resolution, smoke-wire flow visualizations to obtain qualitative, high-speed digital images of the air flow around their wings. The images show that free-flying butterflies use a variety of unconventi...
Expand abstract - Publication status:
- Published
- Publisher copy:
- 10.1038/nature01223
-
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- Journal:
- Nature
- Volume:
- 420
- Issue:
- 6916
- Pages:
- 660-664
- Publication date:
- 2002-12-05
- DOI:
- EISSN:
-
1476-4687
- ISSN:
-
0028-0836
- URN:
-
uuid:099e0bc8-e59d-4303-a48a-72ed8286e803
- Source identifiers:
-
164995
- Local pid:
- pubs:164995
- Language:
- English
- Keywords:
- Copyright date:
- 2002
Journal article
Unconventional lift-generating mechanisms in free-flying butterflies.
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