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A New Definition of Exoplanet Habitability: Introducing the Photosynthetic Habitable Zone

Abstract:
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan memprediksi eksoplanet yang berpotensi berada pada zona layak huni di luar tata surya dengan menggunakan metode unsupervised machine learning, khususnya teknik clustering K-Means dan Hierarchical Clustering. Data eksoplanet diolah berdasarkan berbagai parameter fisik planet dan karakteristik bintang induknya untuk mengelompokkan planet-planet yang memiliki kesamaan dengan Bumi, khususnya yang berada pada zona layak huni konservatif (CHZ) dan optimis (OHZ). Analisis clustering ini dilakukan untuk menemukan pola-pola yang dapat menunjang penentuan eksoplanet kandidat yang mungkin mendukung kehidupan. Evaluasi hasil clustering menggunakan metrik validasi internal mengindikasikan bahwa Hierarchical Clustering dengan average dan complete linkage memberikan hasil pengelompokan yang lebih optimal dibandingkan K-Means, meskipun kedua metode menunjukkan kemampuan yang baik dalam mengelompokkan eksoplanet. Salah satu hasil menarik dari penelitian ini adalah identifikasi Kepler-1638 b sebagai kandidat eksoplanet yang memiliki kemiripan tinggi dengan Bumi dan berpotensi berada di zona layak huni. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi bidang astrobiologi dan pencarian kehidupan di luar tata surya dengan pendekatan machine learning, sekaligus menekankan pentingnya kelengkapan data serta penggunaan parameter tambahan untuk meningkatkan akurasi dan efektivitas prediksi eksoplanet di masa depan. This study aims to identify and predict exoplanets that potentially reside within the habitable zone outside our solar system using unsupervised machine learning methods, specifically clustering techniques such as K-Means and Hierarchical Clustering. Exoplanet data were analyzed based on various physical parameters of the planets and characteristics of their host stars to group planets that share similarities with Earth, particularly those located within the conservative (CHZ) and optimistic (OHZ) habitable zones. The clustering analysis was conducted to uncover patterns that support the identification of candidate exoplanets capable of supporting life. Internal validation metrics indicate that Hierarchical Clustering with average and complete linkage produces more optimal clustering results compared to K-Means, although both methods effectively group exoplanets. A significant finding of this research is the identification of Kepler-1638 b as a strong candidate exoplanet with high similarity to Earth and potential habitability. This study contributes valuable insights to astrobiology and the search for extraterrestrial life by employing machine learning approaches, while emphasizing the importance of data completeness and the inclusion of additional parameters to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of exoplanet predictions in future research
Publication status:
Published
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

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Publisher copy:
10.3847/2041-8213/acccfb

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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-8138-0425
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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-4661-6735
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Institution:
University of Oxford
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-8590-7271
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Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0003-3259-079X


Publisher:
American Astronomical Society
Journal:
The Astrophysical Journal Letters More from this journal
Volume:
948
Issue:
2
Pages:
L26-L26
Publication date:
2023-05-01
DOI:
EISSN:
2041-8213
ISSN:
2041-8205


Language:
English
Keywords:
Pubs id:
2374157
Local pid:
pubs:2374157
Source identifiers:
W4376608664
Deposit date:
2026-02-15
ARK identifier:
This ORA record was generated from metadata provided by an external service. It has not been edited by the ORA Team.

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