Journal article icon

Journal article

The illusion of illusions: there are no optical corrections in the Parthenon

Abstract:
One of the oldest and most enduring myths in human history is the belief that the Parthenon was cleverly designed with various curved structures and sizes in order to correct visual illusions, and therefore appear straight and regular. The myth of optical corrections has its origin in the writings of Vitruvius more than 2,000 years ago and was renewed in the nineteenth century when curved profiles were carefully measured. At least twelve different optical corrections have been proposed, all following the same basic principle. The myth remains widely accepted despite an absence of direct historical or experimental evidence This paper analyzes these corrections scientifically and argues that the proposed illusions are either unsupported by evidence or too small to have a perceptible effect under typical viewing conditions.
Publication status:
Accepted
Peer review status:
Peer reviewed

Actions

Authors

More by this author
Institution:
University of Oxford
Division:
MPLS
Department:
Mathematical Institute
Oxford college:
St Catherine's College
Role:
Author
ORCID:
0000-0002-6436-8483


Publisher:
The Royal Society
Journal:
Royal Society Open Science More from this journal
Acceptance date:
2026-07-06
EISSN:
2054-5703


Language:
English
Pubs id:
2442424
Local pid:
pubs:2442424
Deposit date:
2026-07-07
ARK identifier:


Views and Downloads

Views and downloads will return soon






If you are the owner of this record, you can report an update to it here: Report update to this record

TO TOP