The effect of surface finish on fatigue limit of Type 304 austenitic stainless steels has been investigated. Fatigue specimens with different surface conditions were obtained by changing the final cutting condition of lathe-turning. The surfaces and near surface microstructures were characterised by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), surface profilometry, hardness testing and X-ray diffraction for residual stress measurement. The fatigue limits were determined using a rotating-bending m...