Atherosclerosis follows the deposition, retention, and oxidative modification of lipoproteins, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the walls of large arteries. Uptake of oxidized LDL results in the formation of macrophage foam cells. Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and secretion of extracellular matrix contribute "fibrous" components of the plaque, whereas ongoing accumulation of lipid and inflammatory cell debris forms the necrotic lipid core of the mature atherosclerot...