Journal article
An estimation of total antimicrobial usage in humans and animals in Vietnam
- Abstract:
- The accurate assessment of antimicrobial use (AMU) requires relating quantities of active ingredients (AAIs) with population denominators. These data can be used to prioritize potential sources of selective pressure for antimicrobial resistance and to establish reduction targets. Here, we estimated AMU in Vietnam (human population 93.4 M in 2015), and compared it with European Union (EU) data (population 511.5 M in 2014). We extrapolated AMU data on each key animal species and humans from different published sources to calculate overall AMU (in tonnes) in Vietnam. We then compared these data with published statistics on AMU in the European Union (EU). A total of 3838 t of antimicrobials were used in Vietnam, of which 2751 (71.7%) corresponded to animal use, and the remainder (1086 t; 28.3%) to human AMU. This equates to 261.7 mg and 247.3 mg per kg of human and animal biomass, compared with 122.0 mg and 151.5 mg in the EU. The greatest quantities of antimicrobials (in decreasing order) were used in pigs (41.7% of total use), humans (28.3%), aquaculture (21.9%) and chickens (4.8%). Combined AMU in other species accounted for < 1.5%. These results are approximate and highlight the need to conduct targeted surveys to improve country-level estimates of AMU.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, 742.2KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1186/s13756-019-0671-7
Authors
- Publisher:
- BioMed Central
- Journal:
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control More from this journal
- Volume:
- 9
- Issue:
- 1
- Article number:
- 16
- Publication date:
- 2020-01-14
- Acceptance date:
- 2019-12-23
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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2047-2994
- ISSN:
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2047-2994
- Pmid:
-
31956405
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1083815
- Local pid:
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pubs:1083815
- Deposit date:
-
2020-06-16
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Carrique-Mas et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2020
- Rights statement:
- © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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