An international agreement to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions need not be fixated on targets for regulating greenhouse gas emissions – an end of pipe approach – but could shift focus to an agreement that incentivizes a shift to low-carbon development pathways. Investment targets for innovation and diffusion of low-carbon energy technologies can form the basis for such a new approach for a future UN climate change agreement. It is a viable alternative to the cap-and-trade approach, which sho...