Journal article
Antibiotic prescription for outpatients with influenza and subsequent hospitalisation: a cohort study using insurance data
- Abstract:
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Background
Whether prophylactic administration of antibiotics to patients with influenza reduces the hospitalisation risk is unknown. We aimed to examine the association between antibiotic prescription in outpatients with influenza infection and subsequent hospitalisation.Methods
We conducted a cohort study using health insurance records of Japanese clinic and hospital visits between 2012 and 2016. Participants were outpatients (age, 0–74 years) with confirmed influenza infection who were prescribed anti-influenza medicine. The primary outcomes were the hospitalisation risk from all causes and pneumonia and the duration of hospitalisation due to pneumonia.Results
We analysed 903,104 outpatient records with 2469 hospitalisations. The risk of hospitalisation was greater in outpatients prescribed anti-influenza medicine plus antibiotics (0.31% for all causes and 0.18% for pneumonia) than in those prescribed anti-influenza medicine only (0.27% and 0.17%, respectively). However, the risk of hospitalisation was significantly lower in patients prescribed peramivir and antibiotics than in those prescribed peramivir only. Patients who received add-on antibiotics had a significantly longer hospital stay (4.12 days) than those who received anti-influenza medicine only (3.77 days). In all age groups, the hospitalisation risk from pneumonia tended to be greater in those who received antibiotics than in those prescribed anti-influenza medicine only. However, among older patients (65–74 years), those provided add-on antibiotics had an average 5.24-day shorter hospitalisation due to pneumonia than those provided anti-influenza medicine only (not significant).Conclusions
In outpatient cases of influenza, patients who are prescribed antibiotics added to antiviral medicines have a higher risk of hospitalisation and longer duration of hospitalisation due to pneumonia.
- Publication status:
- Published
- Peer review status:
- Peer reviewed
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(Preview, Version of record, pdf, 528.4KB, Terms of use)
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- Publisher copy:
- 10.1111/irv.13221
Authors
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Journal:
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses More from this journal
- Volume:
- 17
- Issue:
- 11
- Article number:
- e13221
- Publication date:
- 2023-11-12
- Acceptance date:
- 2023-10-21
- DOI:
- EISSN:
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1750-2659
- ISSN:
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1750-2640
- Language:
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English
- Keywords:
- Pubs id:
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1552872
- Local pid:
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pubs:1552872
- Deposit date:
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2023-10-27
Terms of use
- Copyright holder:
- Yokomichi et al.
- Copyright date:
- 2023
- Rights statement:
- © 2023 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Licence:
- CC Attribution (CC BY)
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